Mentha x piperita
Family: Labiate (Lamiaceae)
Origin: Peppermint was crossbred from water mint (menthe aquatic) and spearmint (m. spicata). This plant, with its intense aroma, has been popular since the end of the 17th century. It is also called tea mint or English mint.
Features: the plant grows to a height of 30 inches. Mint leaves are usually green, though sometimes they change to a reddish color similar to that of the shoot, or to a pinkish violet color in summer. The plant is reproduced from underground shoots. The most important substance in the plant is its essential oil, menthol.
Similar species: Spearmint, the ancestor of peppermint, is known for its high menthol content and was originally used to flavor chewing gum.
Location for growth: Mint needs partial shade with damp, rich soil. It can grow in sunny places if it is not too dry.
Cultivation: Peppermint has no seeds, unlike other mint types, and it reproduces only from its root shoots so to begin growing it you need to buy the first plant. Alternatively, ask a neighbor or friend if they have any mint shoot to spare.
Mint makes a good ground cover because it grows in thick clumps. The plants usually grow tall, and can be seen with other plants next to them. When blight appears, the plant should be cut back radically. It grows back quickly. Protect the plant against freezing in winter.
Harvest: You can harvest the leaves all season long. Cut it back before it blooms if you want to dry it.You should do this late in the summer.
Cuisine: The fresh leaves are used in herbal salads, sauces, soups, and vegetable or meat dishes. You can use it as a garnish that can be eaten. Fresh and dried leaves are used for preparing tea.
Health effects: The menthol contained in peppermint has calming effects and is good for relieving cramps. Peppermint tea soothes discomfort caused by digestive problems, and inhalations are used to get rid of a cold and stuffy nose.
Cosmetics: Peppermint leaves in a bath are refreshing, and good for skin pores. You can make peppermint body oil by mixing 1 handful fresh leaves with a pint of olive or almond oil. Allow to sit for 1 week.
Use for decorations: The scent of peppermint is pleasant and attracts many bees and buttefly.
TIPS:
The ‘Mitcham’ type, with its blue-green leaves, is probably the most famous of mints. It has a peppermint aroma and grows robustly. ‘Citrta’ smells like cologne. There are also types with lemony and orange scents.
IMPORTANT PRECAUTION:
You should avoid using peppermint if you have serious stomach problems. Some people are allergic to menthol. It would be better to choose fennel tea for small children suffering from stomach aches because peppermint’s high menthol content can cause breathing problems.
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